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authorAndrei Karas <akaras@inbox.ru>2017-10-10 22:14:45 +0300
committerAndrei Karas <akaras@inbox.ru>2017-10-10 22:15:57 +0300
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------------------------------
-MANAPLUS PACKAGE SYSTEM
------------------------------
-
-1. INTRODUCTION
-2. LOCATION OF DATA
-3. CONTENTS OF DATA PACKAGE
-4. TYPES OF DATA
-5. INITIALIZING PACKAGE MANAGEMENT
-6. LOADING A REQUESTED RESOURCE
-7. RESOURCE MANAGEMENT DETAILS
-
-
-1. INTRODUCTION
-
-Mana is expected to grow continuously with updates to the game world
-occurring relatively frequently. More often so than for example new releases
-of the game client. To make sure players don't have to update their data
-manually all the time, by for example downloading the latest from the website,
-the Mana client should be able to automatically obtain new data packages from
-the server.
-
- Note: To reduce the load on the server (which isn't expected to have huge
- free uploading resources), the idea is that the server will only send a
- torrent file to the client and that the file is subsequently downloaded from
- several locations that have volunteered to spread Mana data files. Ultimately
- a simple option on the client will even allow players to contribute their
- excess bandwidth to help other players get the updates faster.
-
-
-2. LOCATION OF DATA
-
-There are two locations where Mana can look for game data. The install data
-directory and the data directory in the user's home directory. The latter one
-doesn't have to be used for Windows users, but is required for dynamic updates
-for UNIX users, who generally won't have write permissions to the install
-data directory. So for UNIX the two locations are:
-
- /usr/local/share/manaworld/data/*
-
- ~/.manaworld/data/*
-
-While for Windows all the data will be located at:
-
- C:\Program Files\Mana\data\*
-
-In the UNIX case it doesn't matter in which order the data directories are
-examined.
-
-
-3. CONTENTS OF DATA PACKAGE
-
-The contents of the data packages are strictly categorized and all packages
-share a single root, similar to the paths on a UNIX system. The name of the
-package is irrelevant. An example of the contents is given by:
-
- /graphics/sprites/forest/pinetree.png
- /graphics/sprites/furniture/bed.png
- /graphics/tiles/dark_forest.png
- /graphics/tiles/city.png
- /music/eagles_are_watching.xm
- /music/silent_rose.xm
- /sound/battle/sword1.ogg
- /sound/battle/sword2.ogg
- /maps/deep_desert.tmx
- /maps/desert_town.tmx
- /tilesets/dark_forest.tsx
- /tilesets/city.tsx
- /scripts/Portal.rb
- /scripts/PawnShop.rb
- /scripts/Fountain.rb
-
-
-4. TYPES OF DATA
-
- png - The preferred format for images
- xm - The preferred format for music (or other kinds of module formats)
- ogg - The preferred format for sound effects
- tmx - The map format (to be implemented)
- tsx - The tile set format (to be implemented)
- rb - A Ruby script file (application to be discussed)
-
-
-5. INITIALIZING PACKAGE MANAGEMENT
-
-When Mana starts it will scan its data directories for both packages (archives)
-and directories. When a directory is found with the same name as a package, the
-directory is the preferred location to load data from as it is assumed to be
-more up to date.
-
-Each package will have an ID and a file listing associated with it. Having made
-a list of all packages they are processed in the order of their IDs. A mapping
-is made from file to package, as follows:
-
- /music/eagles_are_watching.xm -> /usr/local/share/manaworld/data/musicpack
- /music/silent_rose.xm -> /usr/local/share/manaworld/data/musicpack
- /sound/battle/sword1.ogg -> ~/.manaworld/data/patch1
- /sound/battle/sword2.ogg -> ~/.manaworld/data/patch1
- ...
-
-Because the packages are loaded in the order of their IDs, it is made sure that
-each file will always point to the package in which is was last updated. The
-package IDs make sure that there is an absolute ordering of the packages.
-
-To allow the client to get rid of old packages, a package can declare an
-arbitrary amount of packages with a lower ID than itself as obsolete. These
-packages will then be ignored by the client, and optionally they can be
-automatically deleted.
-
-
-6. LOADING A REQUESTED RESOURCE
-
-When the game starts and during the game, resources will continuously be asked
-for. A resource manager will take care that each resource is only loaded once.
-It also makes sure that the resources are loaded from the right package using
-the constructed mapping.
-
-As noted above, the resource manager makes sure directories are preferred
-to package files when resources are loaded. The presence of directories is
-only expected in the case of developers that will relatively frequently update
-the data while working on the next package to be released.
-
-
-7. RESOURCE MANAGEMENT DETAILS
-
-The resource management technique is critical to the overall success of the
-package management system as a whole. Resources are loaded at runtime as they
-are needed, and unloaded as they become unused. In order to ensure the
-autonomous functioning of this process reference counting is the agreed upon
-technique for managing loaded resources in Mana.
-
-For those unfamiliar with the practice of reference counting, it involves
-every resource object having a variable containing the number of references to
-the object. When a reference is added the function addRef() is called and when
-it is removed the function release() is called. When the reference count
-reaches zero the object will automatically delete itself, thus handling the
-cleanup of resources.
-
-Reference counting will form the core of the resource management system. Each
-resource object will have the functionality of a reference counted object. The
-resource manager will hold ResourceEntry objects. The resource entry object
-contains a pointer to the resource as well as the location of the path of the
-file the resource was loaded from. This would look something like:
-
- /**
- * A generic reference counted resource object.
- */
- class Resource {
- public:
- /**
- * Loads the resource from the specified path.
- * @param filePath The path to the file to be loaded.
- * @return <code>true</code> if loaded <code>false</code> otherwise.
- */
- virtual bool Load(std::string filePath) = 0;
- ...
- /**
- * Increments the reference counted of this object.
- */
- void addRef() { ++referenceCount; }
-
- /**
- * Decrements the reference count and deletes the object
- * if no references are left.
- * @return <code>true</code> if the object was deleted
- * <code>false</code> otherwise.
- */
- void release() {
- --referenceCount;
-
- if (!referenceCount)
- {
- delete this;
- return true;
- }
-
- return false;
- }
- private:
- unsigned int referenceCount;
- };
- ...
- /**
- * A resource entry descriptor.
- */
- struct ResourceEntry {
- Resource* resource;
- std::string filePath;
- };
- ...
-
-The resource manager would then hold a mapping containing the resource entry as
-well as the string defining its resource identification path. The resource
-manager would thus look something like this:
-
- /**
- * A class for loading and managing resources.
- */
- class ResourceManager {
- public:
- ...
- private:
- std::map<std::string, ResourceEntry> resources;
- };
- ...
-
-This will allow the game to load resources with little awareness of the actual
-path from which they were loaded. The resource manager will also act as a
-resource object factory. A factory object is an object that creates an
-instance of an object derived from a common base class. In this case it will
-create Resource objects. This would make the ResourceManager object look like
-this:
-
- /**
- * A class for loading and managing resources.
- */
- class ResourceManager {
- public:
- enum E_RESOURCE_TYPE
- {
- MAP,
- MUSIC,
- IMAGE,
- SCRIPT,
- TILESET,
- SOUND_EFFECT
- };
-
- /**
- * Creates a resource and adds it to the resource map.
- * The idPath is converted into the appropriate path
- * for the current operating system and the resource
- * is loaded.
- * @param type The type of resource to load.
- * @param idPath The resource identifier path.
- * @return A valid resource or <code>NULL</code> if
- * the resource could not be loaded.
- */
- Resource* Create(const E_RESOURCE_TYPE& type,
- std::string idPath);
- ...
- private:
- std::map<std::string, ResourceEntry> resources;
- };
- ...
-
-Loading a resource would then look something like:
-
- Image* img = (Image*) ResourceManager.Create(ResourceManager::IMAGE,
- "/graphics/tiles/dark_forest.png");