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authorLivio Recchia <recchialivio@libero.it>2020-02-10 23:06:34 +0100
committerLivio Recchia <recchialivio@libero.it>2020-02-10 23:06:34 +0100
commit9a13903a2f7d3a65fdf15a65fb59cccd622e2066 (patch)
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+import six
+from construct.lib.py3compat import int2byte
+from construct.lib import (BitStreamReader, BitStreamWriter, encode_bin, decode_bin)
+from construct.core import (Struct, MetaField, StaticField, FormatField,
+ OnDemand, Pointer, Switch, Value, RepeatUntil, MetaArray, Sequence, Range,
+ Select, Pass, SizeofError, Buffered, Restream, Reconfig)
+from construct.adapters import (BitIntegerAdapter, PaddingAdapter,
+ ConstAdapter, CStringAdapter, LengthValueAdapter, IndexingAdapter,
+ PaddedStringAdapter, FlagsAdapter, StringAdapter, MappingAdapter)
+try:
+ from sys import maxsize
+except ImportError:
+ from sys import maxint as maxsize
+
+
+#===============================================================================
+# fields
+#===============================================================================
+def Field(name, length):
+ """
+ A field consisting of a specified number of bytes.
+
+ :param name: the name of the field
+ :param length: the length of the field. the length can be either an integer
+ (StaticField), or a function that takes the context as an argument and
+ returns the length (MetaField)
+ """
+ if callable(length):
+ return MetaField(name, length)
+ else:
+ return StaticField(name, length)
+
+def BitField(name, length, swapped = False, signed = False, bytesize = 8):
+ r"""
+ BitFields, as the name suggests, are fields that operate on raw, unaligned
+ bits, and therefore must be enclosed in a BitStruct. Using them is very
+ similar to all normal fields: they take a name and a length (in bits).
+
+ :param name: name of the field
+ :param length: number of bits in the field, or a function that takes
+ the context as its argument and returns the length
+ :param swapped: whether the value is byte-swapped
+ :param signed: whether the value is signed
+ :param bytesize: number of bits per byte, for byte-swapping
+
+ Example::
+
+ >>> foo = BitStruct("foo",
+ ... BitField("a", 3),
+ ... Flag("b"),
+ ... Padding(3),
+ ... Nibble("c"),
+ ... BitField("d", 5),
+ ... )
+ >>> foo.parse("\xe1\x1f")
+ Container(a = 7, b = False, c = 8, d = 31)
+ >>> foo = BitStruct("foo",
+ ... BitField("a", 3),
+ ... Flag("b"),
+ ... Padding(3),
+ ... Nibble("c"),
+ ... Struct("bar",
+ ... Nibble("d"),
+ ... Bit("e"),
+ ... )
+ ... )
+ >>> foo.parse("\xe1\x1f")
+ Container(a = 7, b = False, bar = Container(d = 15, e = 1), c = 8)
+ """
+
+ return BitIntegerAdapter(Field(name, length),
+ length,
+ swapped=swapped,
+ signed=signed,
+ bytesize=bytesize
+ )
+
+def Padding(length, pattern = six.b("\x00"), strict = False):
+ r"""A padding field (value is discarded)
+
+ :param length: the length of the field. the length can be either an integer,
+ or a function that takes the context as an argument and returns the length
+ :param pattern: the padding pattern (character) to use. default is "\x00"
+ :param strict: whether or not to raise an exception is the actual padding
+ pattern mismatches the desired pattern. default is False.
+ """
+ return PaddingAdapter(Field(None, length),
+ pattern = pattern,
+ strict = strict,
+ )
+
+def Flag(name, truth = 1, falsehood = 0, default = False):
+ """
+ A flag.
+
+ Flags are usually used to signify a Boolean value, and this construct
+ maps values onto the ``bool`` type.
+
+ .. note:: This construct works with both bit and byte contexts.
+
+ .. warning:: Flags default to False, not True. This is different from the
+ C and Python way of thinking about truth, and may be subject to change
+ in the future.
+
+ :param name: field name
+ :param truth: value of truth (default 1)
+ :param falsehood: value of falsehood (default 0)
+ :param default: default value (default False)
+ """
+
+ return SymmetricMapping(Field(name, 1),
+ {True : int2byte(truth), False : int2byte(falsehood)},
+ default = default,
+ )
+
+#===============================================================================
+# field shortcuts
+#===============================================================================
+def Bit(name):
+ """A 1-bit BitField; must be enclosed in a BitStruct"""
+ return BitField(name, 1)
+def Nibble(name):
+ """A 4-bit BitField; must be enclosed in a BitStruct"""
+ return BitField(name, 4)
+def Octet(name):
+ """An 8-bit BitField; must be enclosed in a BitStruct"""
+ return BitField(name, 8)
+
+def UBInt8(name):
+ """Unsigned, big endian 8-bit integer"""
+ return FormatField(name, ">", "B")
+def UBInt16(name):
+ """Unsigned, big endian 16-bit integer"""
+ return FormatField(name, ">", "H")
+def UBInt32(name):
+ """Unsigned, big endian 32-bit integer"""
+ return FormatField(name, ">", "L")
+def UBInt64(name):
+ """Unsigned, big endian 64-bit integer"""
+ return FormatField(name, ">", "Q")
+
+def SBInt8(name):
+ """Signed, big endian 8-bit integer"""
+ return FormatField(name, ">", "b")
+def SBInt16(name):
+ """Signed, big endian 16-bit integer"""
+ return FormatField(name, ">", "h")
+def SBInt32(name):
+ """Signed, big endian 32-bit integer"""
+ return FormatField(name, ">", "l")
+def SBInt64(name):
+ """Signed, big endian 64-bit integer"""
+ return FormatField(name, ">", "q")
+
+def ULInt8(name):
+ """Unsigned, little endian 8-bit integer"""
+ return FormatField(name, "<", "B")
+def ULInt16(name):
+ """Unsigned, little endian 16-bit integer"""
+ return FormatField(name, "<", "H")
+def ULInt32(name):
+ """Unsigned, little endian 32-bit integer"""
+ return FormatField(name, "<", "L")
+def ULInt64(name):
+ """Unsigned, little endian 64-bit integer"""
+ return FormatField(name, "<", "Q")
+
+def SLInt8(name):
+ """Signed, little endian 8-bit integer"""
+ return FormatField(name, "<", "b")
+def SLInt16(name):
+ """Signed, little endian 16-bit integer"""
+ return FormatField(name, "<", "h")
+def SLInt32(name):
+ """Signed, little endian 32-bit integer"""
+ return FormatField(name, "<", "l")
+def SLInt64(name):
+ """Signed, little endian 64-bit integer"""
+ return FormatField(name, "<", "q")
+
+def UNInt8(name):
+ """Unsigned, native endianity 8-bit integer"""
+ return FormatField(name, "=", "B")
+def UNInt16(name):
+ """Unsigned, native endianity 16-bit integer"""
+ return FormatField(name, "=", "H")
+def UNInt32(name):
+ """Unsigned, native endianity 32-bit integer"""
+ return FormatField(name, "=", "L")
+def UNInt64(name):
+ """Unsigned, native endianity 64-bit integer"""
+ return FormatField(name, "=", "Q")
+
+def SNInt8(name):
+ """Signed, native endianity 8-bit integer"""
+ return FormatField(name, "=", "b")
+def SNInt16(name):
+ """Signed, native endianity 16-bit integer"""
+ return FormatField(name, "=", "h")
+def SNInt32(name):
+ """Signed, native endianity 32-bit integer"""
+ return FormatField(name, "=", "l")
+def SNInt64(name):
+ """Signed, native endianity 64-bit integer"""
+ return FormatField(name, "=", "q")
+
+def BFloat32(name):
+ """Big endian, 32-bit IEEE floating point number"""
+ return FormatField(name, ">", "f")
+def LFloat32(name):
+ """Little endian, 32-bit IEEE floating point number"""
+ return FormatField(name, "<", "f")
+def NFloat32(name):
+ """Native endianity, 32-bit IEEE floating point number"""
+ return FormatField(name, "=", "f")
+
+def BFloat64(name):
+ """Big endian, 64-bit IEEE floating point number"""
+ return FormatField(name, ">", "d")
+def LFloat64(name):
+ """Little endian, 64-bit IEEE floating point number"""
+ return FormatField(name, "<", "d")
+def NFloat64(name):
+ """Native endianity, 64-bit IEEE floating point number"""
+ return FormatField(name, "=", "d")
+
+
+#===============================================================================
+# arrays
+#===============================================================================
+def Array(count, subcon):
+ r"""
+ Repeats the given unit a fixed number of times.
+
+ :param count: number of times to repeat
+ :param subcon: construct to repeat
+
+ Example::
+
+ >>> c = Array(4, UBInt8("foo"))
+ >>> c.parse("\x01\x02\x03\x04")
+ [1, 2, 3, 4]
+ >>> c.parse("\x01\x02\x03\x04\x05\x06")
+ [1, 2, 3, 4]
+ >>> c.build([5,6,7,8])
+ '\x05\x06\x07\x08'
+ >>> c.build([5,6,7,8,9])
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ construct.core.RangeError: expected 4..4, found 5
+ """
+
+ if callable(count):
+ con = MetaArray(count, subcon)
+ else:
+ con = MetaArray(lambda ctx: count, subcon)
+ con._clear_flag(con.FLAG_DYNAMIC)
+ return con
+
+def PrefixedArray(subcon, length_field = UBInt8("length")):
+ """An array prefixed by a length field.
+
+ :param subcon: the subcon to be repeated
+ :param length_field: a construct returning an integer
+ """
+ def _length(ctx):
+ if issubclass(ctx.__class__, (list, tuple)):
+ return len(ctx)
+ return ctx[length_field.name]
+
+ return LengthValueAdapter(
+ Sequence(subcon.name,
+ length_field,
+ Array(_length, subcon),
+ nested = False
+ )
+ )
+
+def OpenRange(mincount, subcon):
+ return Range(mincount, maxsize, subcon)
+
+def GreedyRange(subcon):
+ r"""
+ Repeats the given unit one or more times.
+
+ :param subcon: construct to repeat
+
+ Example::
+
+ >>> from construct import GreedyRange, UBInt8
+ >>> c = GreedyRange(UBInt8("foo"))
+ >>> c.parse("\x01")
+ [1]
+ >>> c.parse("\x01\x02\x03")
+ [1, 2, 3]
+ >>> c.parse("\x01\x02\x03\x04\x05\x06")
+ [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
+ >>> c.parse("")
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ construct.core.RangeError: expected 1..2147483647, found 0
+ >>> c.build([1,2])
+ '\x01\x02'
+ >>> c.build([])
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ construct.core.RangeError: expected 1..2147483647, found 0
+ """
+ return OpenRange(1, subcon)
+
+def OptionalGreedyRange(subcon):
+ r"""
+ Repeats the given unit zero or more times. This repeater can't
+ fail, as it accepts lists of any length.
+
+ :param subcon: construct to repeat
+
+ Example::
+
+ >>> from construct import OptionalGreedyRange, UBInt8
+ >>> c = OptionalGreedyRange(UBInt8("foo"))
+ >>> c.parse("")
+ []
+ >>> c.parse("\x01\x02")
+ [1, 2]
+ >>> c.build([])
+ ''
+ >>> c.build([1,2])
+ '\x01\x02'
+ """
+ return OpenRange(0, subcon)
+
+
+#===============================================================================
+# subconstructs
+#===============================================================================
+def Optional(subcon):
+ """An optional construct. if parsing fails, returns None.
+
+ :param subcon: the subcon to optionally parse or build
+ """
+ return Select(subcon.name, subcon, Pass)
+
+def Bitwise(subcon):
+ """Converts the stream to bits, and passes the bitstream to subcon
+
+ :param subcon: a bitwise construct (usually BitField)
+ """
+ # subcons larger than MAX_BUFFER will be wrapped by Restream instead
+ # of Buffered. implementation details, don't stick your nose in :)
+ MAX_BUFFER = 1024 * 8
+ def resizer(length):
+ if length & 7:
+ raise SizeofError("size must be a multiple of 8", length)
+ return length >> 3
+ if not subcon._is_flag(subcon.FLAG_DYNAMIC) and subcon.sizeof() < MAX_BUFFER:
+ con = Buffered(subcon,
+ encoder = decode_bin,
+ decoder = encode_bin,
+ resizer = resizer
+ )
+ else:
+ con = Restream(subcon,
+ stream_reader = BitStreamReader,
+ stream_writer = BitStreamWriter,
+ resizer = resizer)
+ return con
+
+def Aligned(subcon, modulus = 4, pattern = six.b("\x00")):
+ r"""Aligns subcon to modulus boundary using padding pattern
+
+ :param subcon: the subcon to align
+ :param modulus: the modulus boundary (default is 4)
+ :param pattern: the padding pattern (default is \x00)
+ """
+ if modulus < 2:
+ raise ValueError("modulus must be >= 2", modulus)
+ def padlength(ctx):
+ return (modulus - (subcon._sizeof(ctx) % modulus)) % modulus
+ return SeqOfOne(subcon.name,
+ subcon,
+ # ??????
+ # ??????
+ # ??????
+ # ??????
+ Padding(padlength, pattern = pattern),
+ nested = False,
+ )
+
+def SeqOfOne(name, *args, **kw):
+ r"""A sequence of one element. only the first element is meaningful, the
+ rest are discarded
+
+ :param name: the name of the sequence
+ :param \*args: subconstructs
+ :param \*\*kw: any keyword arguments to Sequence
+ """
+ return IndexingAdapter(Sequence(name, *args, **kw), index = 0)
+
+def Embedded(subcon):
+ """Embeds a struct into the enclosing struct.
+
+ :param subcon: the struct to embed
+ """
+ return Reconfig(subcon.name, subcon, subcon.FLAG_EMBED)
+
+def Rename(newname, subcon):
+ """Renames an existing construct
+
+ :param newname: the new name
+ :param subcon: the subcon to rename
+ """
+ return Reconfig(newname, subcon)
+
+def Alias(newname, oldname):
+ """Creates an alias for an existing element in a struct
+
+ :param newname: the new name
+ :param oldname: the name of an existing element
+ """
+ return Value(newname, lambda ctx: ctx[oldname])
+
+
+#===============================================================================
+# mapping
+#===============================================================================
+def SymmetricMapping(subcon, mapping, default = NotImplemented):
+ """Defines a symmetrical mapping: a->b, b->a.
+
+ :param subcon: the subcon to map
+ :param mapping: the encoding mapping (a dict); the decoding mapping is
+ achieved by reversing this mapping
+ :param default: the default value to use when no mapping is found. if no
+ default value is given, and exception is raised. setting to Pass would
+ return the value "as is" (unmapped)
+ """
+ reversed_mapping = dict((v, k) for k, v in mapping.items())
+ return MappingAdapter(subcon,
+ encoding = mapping,
+ decoding = reversed_mapping,
+ encdefault = default,
+ decdefault = default,
+ )
+
+def Enum(subcon, **kw):
+ r"""A set of named values mapping.
+
+ :param subcon: the subcon to map
+ :param \*\*kw: keyword arguments which serve as the encoding mapping
+ :param _default_: an optional, keyword-only argument that specifies the
+ default value to use when the mapping is undefined. if not given,
+ and exception is raised when the mapping is undefined. use `Pass` to
+ pass the unmapped value as-is
+ """
+ return SymmetricMapping(subcon, kw, kw.pop("_default_", NotImplemented))
+
+def FlagsEnum(subcon, **kw):
+ r"""A set of flag values mapping.
+
+ :param subcon: the subcon to map
+ :param \*\*kw: keyword arguments which serve as the encoding mapping
+ """
+ return FlagsAdapter(subcon, kw)
+
+
+#===============================================================================
+# structs
+#===============================================================================
+def AlignedStruct(name, *subcons, **kw):
+ r"""A struct of aligned fields
+
+ :param name: the name of the struct
+ :param \*subcons: the subcons that make up this structure
+ :param \*\*kw: keyword arguments to pass to Aligned: 'modulus' and 'pattern'
+ """
+ return Struct(name, *(Aligned(sc, **kw) for sc in subcons))
+
+def BitStruct(name, *subcons):
+ r"""A struct of bitwise fields
+
+ :param name: the name of the struct
+ :param \*subcons: the subcons that make up this structure
+ """
+ return Bitwise(Struct(name, *subcons))
+
+def EmbeddedBitStruct(*subcons):
+ r"""An embedded BitStruct. no name is necessary.
+
+ :param \*subcons: the subcons that make up this structure
+ """
+ return Bitwise(Embedded(Struct(None, *subcons)))
+
+#===============================================================================
+# strings
+#===============================================================================
+def String(name, length, encoding=None, padchar=None, paddir="right",
+ trimdir="right"):
+ r"""
+ A configurable, fixed-length string field.
+
+ The padding character must be specified for padding and trimming to work.
+
+ :param name: name
+ :param length: length, in bytes
+ :param encoding: encoding (e.g. "utf8") or None for no encoding
+ :param padchar: optional character to pad out strings
+ :param paddir: direction to pad out strings; one of "right", "left", or "both"
+ :param str trim: direction to trim strings; one of "right", "left"
+
+ Example::
+
+ >>> from construct import String
+ >>> String("foo", 5).parse("hello")
+ 'hello'
+ >>>
+ >>> String("foo", 12, encoding = "utf8").parse("hello joh\xd4\x83n")
+ u'hello joh\u0503n'
+ >>>
+ >>> foo = String("foo", 10, padchar = "X", paddir = "right")
+ >>> foo.parse("helloXXXXX")
+ 'hello'
+ >>> foo.build("hello")
+ 'helloXXXXX'
+ """
+ con = StringAdapter(Field(name, length), encoding=encoding)
+ if padchar is not None:
+ con = PaddedStringAdapter(con, padchar=padchar, paddir=paddir,
+ trimdir=trimdir)
+ return con
+
+def PascalString(name, length_field=UBInt8("length"), encoding=None):
+ r"""
+ A length-prefixed string.
+
+ ``PascalString`` is named after the string types of Pascal, which are
+ length-prefixed. Lisp strings also follow this convention.
+
+ The length field will appear in the same ``Container`` as the
+ ``PascalString``, with the given name.
+
+ :param name: name
+ :param length_field: a field which will store the length of the string
+ :param encoding: encoding (e.g. "utf8") or None for no encoding
+
+ Example::
+
+ >>> foo = PascalString("foo")
+ >>> foo.parse("\x05hello")
+ 'hello'
+ >>> foo.build("hello world")
+ '\x0bhello world'
+ >>>
+ >>> foo = PascalString("foo", length_field = UBInt16("length"))
+ >>> foo.parse("\x00\x05hello")
+ 'hello'
+ >>> foo.build("hello")
+ '\x00\x05hello'
+ """
+
+ return StringAdapter(
+ LengthValueAdapter(
+ Sequence(name,
+ length_field,
+ Field("data", lambda ctx: ctx[length_field.name]),
+ )
+ ),
+ encoding=encoding,
+ )
+
+def CString(name, terminators=six.b("\x00"), encoding=None,
+ char_field=Field(None, 1)):
+ r"""
+ A string ending in a terminator.
+
+ ``CString`` is similar to the strings of C, C++, and other related
+ programming languages.
+
+ By default, the terminator is the NULL byte (b``0x00``).
+
+ :param name: name
+ :param terminators: sequence of valid terminators, in order of preference
+ :param encoding: encoding (e.g. "utf8") or None for no encoding
+ :param char_field: construct representing a single character
+
+ Example::
+
+ >>> foo = CString("foo")
+ >>> foo.parse(b"hello\x00")
+ b'hello'
+ >>> foo.build(b"hello")
+ b'hello\x00'
+ >>> foo = CString("foo", terminators = b"XYZ")
+ >>> foo.parse(b"helloX")
+ b'hello'
+ >>> foo.parse(b"helloY")
+ b'hello'
+ >>> foo.parse(b"helloZ")
+ b'hello'
+ >>> foo.build(b"hello")
+ b'helloX'
+ """
+
+ return Rename(name,
+ CStringAdapter(
+ RepeatUntil(lambda obj, ctx: obj in terminators, char_field),
+ terminators=terminators,
+ encoding=encoding,
+ )
+ )
+
+
+#===============================================================================
+# conditional
+#===============================================================================
+def IfThenElse(name, predicate, then_subcon, else_subcon):
+ """An if-then-else conditional construct: if the predicate indicates True,
+ `then_subcon` will be used; otherwise `else_subcon`
+
+ :param name: the name of the construct
+ :param predicate: a function taking the context as an argument and returning True or False
+ :param then_subcon: the subcon that will be used if the predicate returns True
+ :param else_subcon: the subcon that will be used if the predicate returns False
+ """
+ return Switch(name, lambda ctx: bool(predicate(ctx)),
+ {
+ True : then_subcon,
+ False : else_subcon,
+ }
+ )
+
+def If(predicate, subcon, elsevalue = None):
+ """An if-then conditional construct: if the predicate indicates True,
+ subcon will be used; otherwise, `elsevalue` will be returned instead.
+
+ :param predicate: a function taking the context as an argument and returning True or False
+ :param subcon: the subcon that will be used if the predicate returns True
+ :param elsevalue: the value that will be used should the predicate return False.
+ by default this value is None.
+ """
+ return IfThenElse(subcon.name,
+ predicate,
+ subcon,
+ Value("elsevalue", lambda ctx: elsevalue)
+ )
+
+
+#===============================================================================
+# misc
+#===============================================================================
+def OnDemandPointer(offsetfunc, subcon, force_build = True):
+ """An on-demand pointer.
+
+ :param offsetfunc: a function taking the context as an argument and returning
+ the absolute stream position
+ :param subcon: the subcon that will be parsed from the `offsetfunc()` stream position on demand
+ :param force_build: see OnDemand. by default True.
+ """
+ return OnDemand(Pointer(offsetfunc, subcon),
+ advance_stream = False,
+ force_build = force_build
+ )
+
+def Magic(data):
+ """A 'magic number' construct. it is used for file signatures, etc., to validate
+ that the given pattern exists.
+
+ Example::
+
+ elf_header = Struct("elf_header",
+ Magic("\x7fELF"),
+ # ...
+ )
+ """
+ return ConstAdapter(Field(None, len(data)), data)
+
+